Article: Understanding the 4C's
Cut
The cut of a diamond refers to its proportions. Of the 4C's, the cut is the aspect
most directly influenced by man. The other three are dictated by nature. Quite
often the cut of a diamond is confused with its shape. Diamonds are cut into various
shapes depending upon the original form of the uncut diamond, which is referred
to as "rough." Whatever the shape, a well-cut diamond is better able to reflect
light. A diamond's ability to reflect light determines its display of fire and
brilliance. Diamonds are usually cut with 58 facets, or separate flat surfaces.
These facets follow a mathematical formula and are placed at precise angles in
relation to each other. This relationship is designed to maximize the amount of
light reflected through the diamond and to increase its beauty. The cut, or proportions,
of a diamond is measured in percentages relative to the diameter of its girdle.
The girdle diameter of each diamond is always considered 100%. Example: The girdle
of a diamond measures 10 millimeters (100%). The table measures 5.6 millimeters.
The total depth measurement is 6.1 millimeters. The diamond would be described
as having a table of 56% and a depth of 61%. The table and depth percentages are
the key to determining good proportions.
